¿Que es el estrés?
El estrés es una emoción que todos en algún momento de nuestras vidas hemos sentidos o experimentado.
Es un mecanismo de defensa adaptativo para la supervivencia humana. Lo que quiere decir esto es que el cerebro y el cuerpo responden a cualquier demanda, ya sea interna o externa.
El estrés puede afectar su salud. Es importante que preste atención a cómo usted se enfrenta a los acontecimientos estresantes menores y mayores para que sepa cuándo debe buscar ayuda.
- Algunos de los factores estresantes son:
- El ejercicio extremo
- El trabajo en largas jornadas sin descansar y el tipo de labor que realice en dicho trabajo.
- La escuela
- Cambios importantes en la vida
- Acontecimientos traumáticos
- Algunas condiciones de salud
- Genéticos
- Ambientales
- Algunos ejemplos de estrés incluyen:
- El estrés de rutina relacionado con las presiones del trabajo, la escuela, la familia y otras responsabilidades diarias.
- El estrés provocado por un cambio negativo repentino, como la pérdida de un trabajo, el divorcio o una enfermedad.
- El estrés traumático que se experimente en un acontecimiento como un accidente grave, la guerra, un asalto o un desastre natural en el que las personas pueden estar en peligro de sufrir heridas graves o morir. Las personas que sufren estrés traumático a menudo experimentan síntomas temporales de enfermedad mental.
- Los diferentes tipos de estrés:
- Agudos: Es una reacción que dura poco y desaparece usualmente rápido. Puede experimentarlo cuando se experimenta el peligro de chocar su vehículo, pelea con su pareja, monta una machina de feria o cuando hace deporte extremo. También ocurre cuando hace algo nuevo o emocionante. Todas las personas sienten estrés agudo en algún momento u otro de sus vidas.
- Crónicos: Cuando se experimenta por un tiempo indefinido e prolongado, Usted puede tener estrés crónico si tiene problemas de dinero, un matrimonio desdichado o dificultades en el trabajo. Cualquier tipo de estrés que continúa por semanas o meses es estrés crónico. Puede acostumbrarse tanto al estrés crónico que no se de cuenta que es un problema. Si no encuentra maneras de controlar el estrés, este podría causar problemas de salud.
- Los daños del estrés a la salud: cuando tu cuerpo esta en estrés provoca un desequilibrio del sistema nervioso: estimula el sistema hipotálamo-hipofisario-suprarrenal. En consecuencia, el sistema nervioso simpático responsable de diversas actividades independientes de la voluntad provoca una liberación de adrenalina cuyo efecto es el aumento del ritmo cardiaco.
- Los síntomas de estrés varían de persona a persona y son muy diversos.
Estos incluyen:
- Migrañas
- Insomnio o pesadillas.
- El cansancio físico.
- Ansiedad
- Irritabilidad
- Trastornos digestivos, diarrea o estreñimiento
- Trastornos cardiovasculares.
- Trastornos de la sexualidad.
- Sudoración
- Palmas sudorosas.
- Nerviosismo
- Mala memoria
- Dolores y achaques frecuentes
- Dolores de cabeza
- Falta de energía o concentración
- Cuello o mandíbula rígidos
- Dormir demasiado
- Uso de alcohol o drogas para relajarse
- Pérdida o aumento de peso
- ¿Que hago si tengo estrés?
Si ya identifico que esta padeciendo de estrés es de vital realizar terapias alternas como:
- suplementación
- mindfulness
- terapias psicológicas
- ejercicio moderadamente
- medicación
- terapias psicológicas
- psiquiátricas
*Nota: debe ser evaluado por un profesional de la salud para diagnosticar si usted en efecto esta padeciendo de algún trastorno de estrés.
- Tratamientos:
- Medico:
- Estos medicamentos pueden ayudar con los síntomas de la depresión y la angustia. También pueden ayudar a mejorar los problemas de sueño y de concentración. Los medicamentos inhibidores selectivos de la recaptación de serotonina (ISRS) como sertralina (Zoloft) y paroxetina (Paxil) están aprobados por la FDA para el tratamiento de este trastorno.
- Medicamentos para la ansiedad.Estos medicamentos pueden aliviar problemas de ansiedad grave y otros relacionados. Algunas personas pueden abusar de los medicamentos para la ansiedad, por lo que generalmente se usan solo por poco tiempo.
- Mientras que varios estudios indican que la prazosina (Minipress) puede reducir o suprimir las pesadillas en algunas personas con trastorno de estrés postraumático, un estudio más reciente mostró que no proporcionaba más beneficio que el placebo. Pero los participantes en el estudio reciente eran diferentes de los otros en modos que probablemente pueden afectar los resultados. Las personas que estén considerando la prazosina deben hablar con un doctor para determinar si su situación particular pueda justificar un ensayo con este medicamento o no.
- Naturópaticos: estos son diversos; van desde practicas físicas, técnicas de relajación, de respiración y ejercicio, hasta terapia con suplementos y teces, que puedan ayudar a aliviar el estrés en las personas que lo padecen.
Técnicas Naturopáticas:
- Acupuntura
- Acupresión
- Meditaciones guiadas
- Suplementación
- Teces
- Cataplasmas
- Cromopuntura
- Hidroterapias
- Magnetoterapia
- Masajes
- Taichí
- Respiración profunda
- Meditación
- Taichí
- Yoga
- Biorretroalimentación
- Musicoterapia
- Terapia de arte
- Aromaterapia
Estas son algunas de las tantas terapias naturopáticas que se pueden aplicar a la hora de trabajar con el estrés. Siempre consulte con su naturópata o proveedor de salud para que le encuentre el mejor tratamiento para usted.
Los efectos del estrés tienden a acumularse con el tiempo. Tomar medidas prácticas para controlar el estrés puede reducir o prevenir estos efectos.
Reconozca los síntomas y tome acción.
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